RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Hyperinsulinism is related to the presence of acanthosis nigricans and atherosclerosis; however, we were unable to find any study on the prevalence of atherosclerosis in acanthosis nigricans. AIMS: To evaluate the prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis and metabolic alterations in Mexican patients with acanthosis nigricans. METHODS: We carried out a cross-sectional study that included 45 patients with acanthosis nigricans, age- and gender-matched with 45 healthy participants. Volunteers with any comorbidity or taking weight reduction, glucose- and/or lipid-lowering medication or drugs capable of causing acanthosis nigricans were not included in the study. B-mode ultrasound tests were done to measure the carotid intima-media thickness. Body mass index, insulin, glucose and lipid blood serum levels were measured. Chi-square or Fisher's exact test and paired Student t-test were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Carotid intima-media thickness was greater in patients with acanthosis nigricans (mean 0.52 mm vs. 0.46 mm, P = 0.002). The prevalence of abnormal intima-media thickness was higher in patients with acanthosis nigricans versus healthy participants (62.2% vs. 35.5%, P = 0.02). The same occurred with hyperinsulinemia (73.3% vs. 13.3%, P< 0.001), insulin resistance (86.6% vs. 33.3%, P< 0.001), obesity (86.6% vs. 13.3%, P< 0.001) and dyslipidemia (95.5% vs. 77.7%, P = 0.01). LIMITATIONS: The sample size is small and serum markers of cardiovascular risk were not measured. CONCLUSION: Acanthosis nigricans is a skin marker for metabolic disturbances and is also associated with carotid atherosclerosis, a finding which is not well documented. We propose that individuals with acanthosis nigricans should be routinely evaluated for these cardiovascular risks.
Assuntos
Acantose Nigricans/diagnóstico , Acantose Nigricans/epidemiologia , Doenças das Artérias Carótidas/diagnóstico , Doenças das Artérias Carótidas/epidemiologia , Artéria Carótida Primitiva/patologia , Espessura Intima-Media Carotídea , Adulto , Doenças Cardiovasculares/diagnóstico , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto JovemAssuntos
Acantose Nigricans/imunologia , Infecções por HIV/diagnóstico , Infecções por HIV/imunologia , Soropositividade para HIV/diagnóstico , HIV-1/imunologia , Acantose Nigricans/complicações , Acantose Nigricans/diagnóstico , Adulto , Feminino , Infecções por HIV/complicações , Soropositividade para HIV/complicações , HumanosRESUMO
A 38-year-old female presented with hyperpigmented velvety plaques on the nape and the sides of the neck with diffuse pigmentation of the face and flexures suggestive of acanthosis nigricans. The dorsa of both the hands showed increased rugosity, hyperpigmentation and hyperkeratosis of the palms, suggestive of tripe palms. Investigations revealed multiple secondaries in the liver. Histopathology showed the secondaries to be from adenocarcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract.